Механізми міжгрупової взаємодії: пояснювальні принципи, історичні і територіальні виміри
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Анотація
Актуальність. Війна спонукає дослідників подивитися на те, яким чином такі механізми міжгрупової взаємодії, як інгруповий фаворитизм та аутгрупова дискримінація переходять з рівня групових упереджень на рівень екстремального протистояння. Не менш важливо ідентифікувати соціально-психологічні механізми, що запобігають жахливим соціальним явищам, наприклад, геноциду. Пояснювальні принципи міжгрупової взаємодії також мають бути спиратися на пояснювальний потенціал історичного контексту, а саме часові і просторові виміри соціальних процесів.
Мета: визначити пояснювальні принципи міжгрупової взаємодії, які б розкривали її механізми в історичному та територіальному вимірах.
Методологія. Стаття є оглядовою та спирається на теоретичні узагальнення та моделювання, історико-психологічний та феноменологічний аналіз, метааналіз результатів соціологічних опитувань.
Результати. Виокремлено пояснювальні принципи міжгрупової взаємодії: гнучкості та справедливості взаємодії, реалізації ціннісного ставлення інгрупи до аутгрупи як до об’єкту або суб’єкту взаємодії, долання невизначеності соціальними індивідами. Визначено три групи соціально-психологічних механізмів, що регулюють міжгрупову взаємодію на основі цих принципів: перцептивно-регулятивні, ціннісно-регулятивні та структурно-регулятивні. Показано, що в історичному та територіальному вимірах регуляція міжгрупової взаємодії визначається як її історифікація та мапування. Найбільш виразними проявами цих процесів є диференціація груп у просторі взаємодії, структурування поля міжгрупової взаємодії, окреслення групових меж, історична передача моделей взаємодії, відновлення історичної справедливості на основі пам’яті груп. В умовах війни механізми міжгрупової взаємодії посилюються, серед українців відбувається перебудова символічних меж взаємодії, кристалізація ідентичності, що укріплює їхню стресостійкість та патріотизм.
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Як цитувати
Чорна, Л. (2023). Механізми міжгрупової взаємодії: пояснювальні принципи, історичні і територіальні виміри. Проблеми політичної психології, 13(27), 26-42. https://doi.org/10.33120/popp-Vol13-Year2023-124
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Articles
Посилання
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Bion, W. R. (1961). Experiences in groups and other papers. London: Tavistock Publ. (in English)
Blau, P. M. (1986). Exchange and Power in Social Life. London, New York : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. (in English)
Brewer, M. B. (1991). The social self: on being the same and different at the same time. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 17, 475–482. (in English)
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