Social solidarity in the conditions of war: the ethno-linguistic dimension of Bukovуna
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Abstract
Relevance. In the conditions of war in Ukraine, established social ties and the usual way of life are changing, new identification processes are launched, which are implemented on the principle of division into "friends" and "foes".
The purpose of the article is to highlight the changes in the ethno-linguistic identity of the residents of Bukovyna before and after the start of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war and to clarify their role in the construction of social solidarity.
Methods and methodology. A survey was conducted in Bukovyna (Chernivtsi region) in August-September 2022. The main group of respondents consisted of 475 people (n=475) aged 18 to 65 years, men and women equally. The survey was conducted using the methodology "Ethnolinguistic Identity" (O. Kukharuk) in a mixed form (online and traditional format) with further triangulation of data.
Results. The conducted empirical research and analysis of the obtained results allow us to state that there are four ethnolinguistic groups in Bukovyna: Ukrainian-speaking (U), Ukrainian-Russian-speaking (UR), Ukrainian-Romanian-speaking (URU) and Romanian-speaking (R). Russian-speaking respondents were defined as "self-excluded". At the empirical level, the convergence of identifications has been proven, which can be considered as the basis of solidarity, which is due to the situation of war and the need to unite for the common good. Thus, we are talking about ethno-linguistic identity, which together with other components of social identity at the individual level is the basis of psychological differences, and at the level of large groups, society or humanity as a whole - the basis of unity, solidarity for self-preservation and/or self-development.
Conclusions and prospects for further research. The generalization of the identified features of the ethnolinguistic dimension of social solidarity in Bukovyna during the war indicates the actualization of the above phenomena, which can be both natural and tendentious and/or situational. This necessitates further research of ethnolinguistic identity with the expansion of both geographical and theoretical and methodological boundaries. The prospects for further research are the study of the features of other components of social identity as the basis of solidarity, the definition of value-oriented dominants, the formulation of the principles of socio-technological support for the achievement and maintenance of social solidarity in the conditions of social transformations.
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